Category: For Students / PG Aspirants
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Shaken baby syndrome (SBS)
Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) is a triad of medical findings: subdural hematoma, retinal hemorrhage, and cerebral edema from which some physicians, consistent with current medical understanding, infer child abuse caused by intentional shaking. In a majority of cases there is no visible sign of external trauma.In 1946, the concept of SBS and the term “whiplash…
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Staging of Pott’s Paraplegia : Dr SM Tuli and Dr Kumar
Tuli and Kumar’s Staging of Pott’s Paraplegia ::Stage 1 :Patient unaware of neural deficit, physician detects plantar extensor and/or ankle clonus.Stage II : Patient aware of deficit but manages to walk with support, clumsiness of gait.Stage III : Paralysis in extension, sensory deficit less than 50%Stage IV : III + flexor spasm/ paralysis in flexion/…
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Gout : Martel’s G Sign
The radiographic image shows right first distal metatarsal fracture (curved arrow) and a lytic lesion. It is important to observe the “Martel’s sign”, which is a radiological sign (straight arrow) to describe the overhanging margin of the new bone along the edge of erosion, named after W. Martel who first described this sign in…
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Physeal Anatomy
Physeal Anatomy Physeal Growth Plate (letters on left correspond to histology in top right) B. Reserve zone Cells store lipids, glycogen, and proteoglycan aggregates for later growth and matrix production Low oxygen tension Gaucher’s diastrophic dysplasia Kneist* pseudoachondroplasia* C. Proliferative zone Proliferation of chondrocytes with longitudinal growth and stacking of chondrocytes. Highest rate of extracellular…
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Peri-Prosthetic Infection following THR
Classification : Appropriate initial treatment of an infection depends on the extent of the infection, the presence of draining sinuses, the virulence of the organism, when the infection becomes apparent, whether the implants are loose, and the patient’s general medical condition. Although the initial treatment of deep infection after total hip arthroplasty is typically surgical,…
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Phases of Throwing
There are 5 main phases of throwing Wind up (see below) Cocking Acceleration Deceleration Follow-through Biomechanics Scapula must work in concert with humerus to maintain glenohumeral stability The entire throwing motion takes approximately 2 seconds With wind up and acceleration phases taking approximately 75% of time (1.5 seconds)
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Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Anatomy ACL Function Provides 85% of the stability to prevent anterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur. Acts as secondary restraint to tibial rotation and varus/valgus rotation. ACL Anatomy 33mm x 11mm in size. Goes from Lateral femoral condyle to anterior tibia (Tibial insertion is broad and irregular and inserts just anterior and between…
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Platelet Rich Plasma – How does it work ?
Platelet rich plasma (PRP) consists of plasma sample from one’s own blood enriched with autologous platelets Indications : Controversially used in Orthopaedics for possible stimulation of bone and soft tissue healing. Preparation technique : PRP is created by centrifugation of blood to separate platelet rich plasma layer from a sample of whole blood. Calcium chloride used to…
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Fellowship in Orthopaedic Oncology – Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
Bone and Soft Tissue Services at Tata Memorial Hospital invites application for the post of Senior Resident (I year) and 2 year certified fellowship (HBNI) in orthopedic oncology. Bone & Soft Tissue [SR] 1. M.S./DNB (Orthopedics). 1 year experience in Orthopedics after basic qualification is preferable. Rs.50,000/-p.m. fixed [SPSR] 2. M.S./DNB (Orthopedics). 3 years…
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Damage Contol Orthopaedics
Damage Contol Orthopaedics Involves staging and defininitive management to avoid adding trauma to patient during vulnerable period. The decision to operate and surgical timing on multiple injured trauma patients remains controversial Intra-operative hypotension increases mortality rate in patients with head injury Parameters that help decide who should be treated with DCO ISS >40 (without thoracic…